The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.